Graven Images

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"Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image..." declares the second commandment. Yet, throughout history, Jews have adorned their tombstones with such images, creating a rich tradition of interpreting this biblical directive. This collection showcases the vibrant symbols and motifs that illuminate Jewish history and lore. The author and photographer Arnold Schwartzman presents a spirited exploration of a typically somber subject, featuring a stunning array of color photographs from thirty-eight European cemeteries. The book includes over two hundred images from countries like Austria, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, England, Germany, the Netherlands, Hungary, Italy, Poland, and Romania. Schwartzman's close-up photographs and insightful captions reveal the meanings behind common gravestone images, such as an inkwell and quill symbolizing a scribe's occupation or a candelabrum representing a pious woman. Some images relate to names, like a fish for the Fischel family, while others reference biblical stories, including Noah's ark and Adam and Eve. Beginning with an engaging essay by renowned novelist Chaim Potok, the book prompts readers to consider the implications of these images in light of the second commandment. This unique collection of "hallowed milestones" will resonate with anyone interested in Jewish history, symbols, and tradition.