A Fragile Nation

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In May 1998, President Suharto's resignation plunged Indonesia into chaos, marked by political, economic, and social turmoil. The country faces racial and religious conflicts, leading to riots and widespread disorder. As fissures in its social fabric deepen, Indonesia risks disintegration similar to that of Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union. This fragile nation is in crisis, struggling with the balance of power between its armed forces and Islam, a challenge that echoes Sukarno's failures with Communism. The spirit of tolerance, embodied in the national motto Bhinneka Tunggal Ika (Unity in Diversity), has diminished, leaving Indonesia economically devastated and socially fragmented. The author, who served as Singapore's Ambassador to Indonesia from 1970 to 1974, has a long-standing interest in the country, dating back to his coverage of the Afro-Asian conference in 1955. His extensive travels across Indonesia allowed him to observe its diverse populace closely, forming friendships with figures ranging from Suharto to ordinary citizens. Through this work, he offers a portrayal of the Indonesian people, their rich history, and cultural traditions. He provides insightful analyses of Suharto's political collapse and the dangers facing the nation, highlighting the complexities of its various ethnic groups and their contributions to Indonesia’s identity.