The dead are arising : the life of Malcolm X

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A landmark biography of a pivotal figure in the twentieth century, this work redefines much of the established narrative. Les Payne, a Pulitzer Prize-winning investigative journalist, began a nearly thirty-year journey in 1990 to interview those who personally knew Malcolm X, including family, friends, cellmates, and political leaders globally. His ambitious goal was to transform hundreds of hours of interviews into a comprehensive portrait that distinguishes fact from fiction. The result is a magisterial account that reveals an unprecedented view of Malcolm X, inspired by his phrase about followers overcoming racism. This biography situates his life within the political struggles of his time and the broader context of American history, tracing his evolution from street criminal to moralist and revolutionary. Payne, who had witnessed Malcolm X speak, writes with cinematic flair, presenting extraordinary revelations—from a tense meeting with the KKK to a detailed account of his 1965 murder in Harlem, arguing for the complicity of the American government. Completed by Payne's daughter, Tamara, after his passing, this riveting work underscores Malcolm X's vital role in the African American freedom struggle and the broader narrative of the twentieth century.